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Cinematograhy - Coverage
Cinematography refers to the camera work part of the production process. In other words, how is the camera used and what are the storytelling elements that can be controlled through a thorough understanding of how to use the filmmaking camera.It is important to understand the difference between scene, shot and sequence.
A scene is the exact location where the action is happening. A shot is a single continuous angle of view that probably only shows one part of the action at the scene. A sequence is a complete "chapter" of the story. When the shot is filmed that is a take. If the take isn't good then there will need to be another take, also known as a re-take.
This example may explain it better. A sequence starts with a teen girl arguing with her mother in the kitchen. The teen then goes to the living room where she has a heated discussion with her father. Finally she goes to her bedroom where she calls her boyfriend to tell him she has decided to run away from home. This sequence tells a complete part of the story but consists of three scenes, and no doubt, several shots in each scene. And unless the actors were amazingly good there would be a number of takes of each shot.
A sequence typically consists of several scenes, and a scene typically consists of several shots. However any combination is possible. It is possible for a sequence to have just one scene, and even for more than one sequence to happen in a single scene. In Alfred Hitchcock's experimental move Rope the entire movie was filmed in a single shot. Several movies have famous sequences where a single moving shot moves through several scenes as in the restaurant sequence in Goodfellas and the opening sequence in Touch of Evil. In the movie Stranger Than Paradise the sequences are single scenes, and every scene is filmed as a single shot.